In scoliosis, the person’s sideways curve is "S" shaped or "C" shaped.
It produces body Disfigurement.
When the deformity is extreme, it compresses the viscera and reduces the life expectancy of the patient.
It mostly develops in adolescents aged between 8 to 15 years.
Seven times more prevalent in females.
80% of Scoliosis origin is unknown.
Classification
1. Non Structural Scoliosis (Postural)
2. Transient Structural Scoliosis
3. Structural Scoliosis.
Neuromuscular Disorder of Scoliosis
1. Neuropathic
Poliomyelitis
Cerebral Palsy
Syringomyelia
2. Myopathic
Muscular Dystrophy
Unilateral Amelia
Friedreich’s ataxia
Traumatic Scoliosis
Vertebral example: Fractures, irradiation Surgery
Extra Vertebral example: Burns
Clinical Features
The deformity is usually the presenting symptom.
Pain is a rare complaint.
A rib hump or abnormal paraspinal muscular prominence indicates spinal rotation.
The rib hump leads to asymmetry of the trunk called angle trunk rotation (ATR).
Curve Measurements
Cobbs method
Rib Angle of Mehta
Scoliotic Index
Risser-Fergusun Method
Aims of Treatment
To prevent the progression of the deformity
To correct an existing deformity.
Non-Operative Treatment
Observation
Orthotics
Traction and Casting
Contraindications for orthosis
Curve more than 40 degrees
Extreme thoracic kyphosis
Mature adolescent; Risser grade 4 or 5, girls two years post menarchal
High thoracic or Cervicothorcic curves.
Surgery
1. Curve more than 40 degrees
2. Progressive increase in Scoliosis
3. Failure to conservative treatment
4. Cardiopulmonary complications.
Stay tuned.
