Diagnosis of mental Health-
To determine a diagnosis and check for related complications, you may have-
• A physical exam
• Lab tests- These may include, for example, a check of thyroid function or a screening for alcohol and drugs.
• A psychological evaluation- A physician or mental health professional talks to about symptoms, thoughts, feelings and behavior patterns and may be asked to fill out a questionnaire to help answer these questions.
Determation of mental illness -
Sometimes it's difficult to find out which mental illness may be causing symptoms. But taking the time and effort to get an accurate diagnosis will help determine the appropriate treatment.
The defining symptoms for each mental illness are detailed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association. This manual is used by mental health professionals to diagnose mental conditions and by insurance companies to reimburse for treatment.
Classes of mental illness-
The main classes of mental illness are-
• Depressive disorders- depressive disorder can disrupt ability to function. Examples include major depressive disorder and premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
• Neurodevelopmental disorders. This class covers a wide range of problems that usually begin in infancy or childhood, often before the child begins grade school. Examples include autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and learning disorders.
• psychotic disorders. Psychotic disorders cause detachment from reality — such as delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thinking and speech.
• Schizophrenia spectrum
• Bipolar and its related disorders. This class includes disorders with alternating episodes of mania — periods of excessive activity, energy and excitement and depression.
• Anxiety disorders. This class includes generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder and phobias.
• Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
• Trauma- and stressor-related disorders.
• Dissociative disorders. These are disorders in which sense of self is disrupted, such as dissociative amnesia.
• Somatic symptom and its related disorders.
• Feeding and eating disorders. These disorders include disturbances related to eating that impact nutrition and health, such as anorexia nervosa.
• Sleep-wake disorders like insomnia, sleep apnea and restless legs syndrome.
• Sexual dysfunctions
• Gender dysphoria.
• Disruptive, impulse-control and conduct disorders.
• Substance-related and addictive disorders- These include problems associated with the excessive use of alcohol, caffeine, tobacco and drugs.
• Neurocognitive disorders
• Personality disorders.
• Paraphilic disorders.
• Other mental disorders- This class includes mental disorders that are due to other medical conditions .
Treatment-
Treatment depends on the type of mental illness patient have, its severity and what works best for patient. In many cases, a combination of treatments works best.
If you have a mild mental illness with well-controlled symptoms, treatment from your primary care provider may be sufficient. However, often a team approach is appropriate
Medications-
Although psychiatric medications don't cure mental illness, they can often significantly improve symptoms. Psychiatric medications can also help make other treatments, such as psychotherapy, more effective. The best medications for patient will depend on patients particular situation and how body responds to the medication.
Some prescription psychiatric medications include-
• Antidepressants. Antidepressants are used to treat depression, anxiety and sometimes other conditions.
• Anti-anxiety medications. These drugs are used to treat anxiety disorders, such as generalized anxiety disorder or panic disorder.
• Mood-stabilizing medications. Mood stabilizers are most commonly used to treat bipolar disorders, which involves alternating episodes of mania and depression.
• Antipsychotic medications. Antipsychotic drugs are typically used to treat psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia.
• Psychotherapy
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