Hyperpigmentation-“Hyper” means more, and “pigment” means color so Hyperpigmentation is a common condition that makes some areas of the skin darker than others.
it can appear as brown, black, gray, pink or red spots or patches. The spots are sometimes called sun spots , liver spots and age spots,
the spot can occur-
occur in small patches.
cover large areas.
affect the entire body.
and It can affect people of any age,race and ethnicity. hyperpigmentation doesn’t cause any harm, it may be a symptom of another medical condition.
Causes of hyper pigmentation-
Hyper pigmentation occurs because of excess production of melanin. Melanin is a pigment that gives the skin,eyes and hair its color and is produced by the skin cells called melanocytes. The more melanin produce, the darker eyes, hair and skin will be.
Many things can lead to hyperpigmentation,Some of the causes of hyperpigmentation include-
Hormone changes, such as during puberty or pregnancy.
Genetics
Medications, such as oral contraceptives and drugs that cause sensitivity to light.
Thyroid disorders
Repeated contact with cosmetic products
Aging
Excess sun exposure
Certain medical conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus
Exposures to moderate heat or infrared radiations
Adrenal disorders such as Addison’s disease, when the body doesn’t make enough of a hormone called cortisol.
Post-chikungunya fever pigmentation
postinflammatory hyperpigmentation- Injury to the skin (for example, acne, cuts or burns)
Types of hyperpigmentation-
I.Melasma
II.Sunspot
III.Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation
Treatment of hyperpigmentation-
Sun protection- Avoiding sun damage by staying out of the sun, using sunscreen and wearing protective clothing.
Topical therapies
Chemical peels
Cryotherapy
Laser therapy
Stopping any medications that may be causing it.
Taking vitamins.
