BOTANICAL NAME- Cleome gynandra Linn.
FAMILY-Cleomaceae
SYNONYMS- Ajagandha, Ugragandha, Tilaparni, Putigandha, Barbaraka
English name- Dog Mustard.
Hindi name- Hurhur, Hulul, Kavalia Churota, Gandhuli.
BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION- Erect, branched, glandular pubescent herb, 30-70 cm tall. Leaves digitate, 3 9 foliolate, petioles 4-8 cm long, hairy, leaflets subsessile, obovate oblanceolate, cuneate, hairy, 2-5 x 1.5-3 cm, terminal one largest. Flowers at first corymbose, elongating into bracteate raceme. Petals white or pale pink, up to 1.6 cm long, obovate or suborbicular with a long narrow claw, stamens purple. Capsules 6-10 cm long, tapering both ends. Seeds many, dark brown, muricate.
HABITAT- It is commonly found in waste places or cultivated grounds throughout the warmer parts of India
.
PARTS USED- Root, leaf, seed
ACTIONS AND USES- Roots possess mild febrifugal property. Leaves are rubefacient and vesicant. They are used in headache, neuralgia, rheumatism, otalgia and catarrhal inflammations of middle ear, boils and bilious disorders. Seeds are anthelmintic, antispasmodic, sudorific, carminative and rubefacient. They are used for expulsion of round worms, in sprains, convulsive affections, typhus fever and cough.
PROPERTIES-
Rasa- Katu
Guna- Teekshna
Veerya- Ushna
Vipaka -Katu
Doshaghnata -Kaphavatashamaka
Rogaghnata - Karnashoola, Sandhivata, Jeerna vrana, Vidradhi, Shleepada,
Akshepaka, Agnimandya, Ajeerna, Udarashoola, Gulma, Krimi, Twaka vikara,
Jwara Karma
Vidahi, Vedanasthapana, Putihara, Uttejaka, Akshepashamaka, Deepana. Pachana, Anulomana, Shoolahara, Krimighna, Swedajanana
Doses - Seed powder- 1-3 gm; Leaf juice- 5-10 ml, Root powder- 1-3 gm.
CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS-
Sitosterol, a-amyrin, lupeol, kaempferol, rutin (leaves); hexacosanol. D glucoside of B-sitosterol, -sitosterol, kaempferol, essential oil, cleomin. 5.1 dihydroxychromone, 5 hydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxy flavone, lupeolia glucocapparine, viscosic acid, flavone-viscosin (seeds); B-carotene, ascor acid, methyl glucosinolate, glucoiberine, neoglucobrassicin, glucobrassion 5.7-dihydroxychromone, 5-hydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxy flavone, lupeolin and cleogynol (plant).
PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES- Antibacterial, spasmolytic, antiinflammatory, fungicidal, against human epidermal carcinoma of the nasopharynx in tissue culture and antipyretic, analgesic, hypoglycaemic, ovicidal, insecticidal. The alcoholic extract of entire plant was found to have anti-cancer activity.
FORMULATIONS -Ajagandhadi lepa, Sarivadyavaleha, Mahanila taila. Hingvadi churna
Hingusouvarchaladva ghrita. Narayana churna, Kushthadi taila.
SUBSTITUTES AND ADULTERANTS -Gynandropsis pentaphylla (L) DC. seeds are used as substitute for Mustard
(Referance- DATABASE ON MEDICAL PLANTS USED IN AYURVEDA AND SIDDHA)
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